ABSTRACT
This study focuses on the microbial quality control of the Chinese herbal decoction pieces. In view of the shortcomings of traditional culture methods such as slow detection speed and inability to detect unculturable microorganisms, a new method based on ATP bioluminescence technology combined with statistical analysis methods was established to rapidly predict and quantitatively detect the total aerobic microbial count (TAMC) and total yeast and mold count (TYMC) contaminated Bupleurum chinense DC. decoction pieces. Based on the optimized ATP bioluminesence detection system, accurate detection of pure bacterial solution of Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus can be achieved, with detection limits of 47.86, 89.13 and 1 862.09 CFU·mL-1, respectively. The detection time was 6.5 h, and the detection cost was as low as 2 yuan/time. The upper and lower warning limits of TAMC were determined by the misjudgment rates of 10% and 20%, respectively. And the warning limit of TYMC was determined by the misjudgment rate of 20%. The proposed crossing method could quickly predict the amount of microbial contamination in Bupleurum chinense DC. decoction pieces. The constructed partial least squares regression (PLSR) model could accurately quantify the quantity of microbial contamination in Bupleurum chinense DC. decoction pieces. The optimal PLSR prediction model for TAMC had a correction coefficient (R2) of 0.826, a root mean square error of correction set (RMSEE) of 0.468 and a root mean square error of cross-validation set (RMSECV) of 0.465. The R2, RMSEE and RMSECV in the prediction model of TYMC were 0.778, 0.543 and 0.541, respectively. The aim of this study is to establish a kind of rapid detection method and prediction models for the microbial limit of traditional Chinese medicine and Chinese herbal decoction pieces, and to provide a more convenient and sensitive detection technology for the microbial quality process control of traditional Chinese medicine products.
ABSTRACT
The powder X-ray diffraction(PXRD) technique was used to investigate fourteen kinds of Ranunculaceae herbal decoction pieces(RHDP) recorded in Chinese Pharmacopoeia and to explore a novel PXRD quality control method for RHDP. The results indicated that only three RHDP-Paeoniae Radix Alba, Paeoniae Radix Rubra, and Moutan Cortex, contained calcium oxalate monodydrate(COM), whereas no COM existed in other eleven kinds of RHDP. The difference in PXRD for Paeoniae Radix Alba and Paeoniae Radix Rubra from different growing areas were investigated. The quantitative analysis method for COM was discussed by considering the water-boiling manufacturing process of herbal decoction pieces. The water-boiling experiments revealed that the PXRD peaks from COM crystals in RHDP were enhanced significantly after boiling. Paeoniae Radix Alba, Paeoniae Radix Rubra, Moutan Cortex, Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, Aconiti Radix, Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix, and Anemone Raddeanae Rhizoma exhibited a similar series of broader peaks in the 2θ region of 15° to 35°, whose origins were discussed on the basis of chemical constituents RHDP reported by other researchers. These diffraction broader peaks most likely originated from periodic orientation of benzene ring in organic molecular crystals of aconitine-and paeonolum-based alkaloids and glycosides chemical constituents, subsequently, possibly from some other organic constituents. The PXRD technique can be used to rapidly identify Cimicifuga heracleifolia with an amorphous dispersion peak and C. dahurica with a sharp-peak feature. Climatidis Radix et Rhizoma exhibited a series of sharp PXRD peaks. The PXRD method can provide a valuable quality control method for RHDP.
Subject(s)
Aconitum , Chemistry , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Chemistry , Paeonia , Chemistry , Phytochemicals , Ranunculaceae , Chemistry , Rhizome , Chemistry , X-Ray DiffractionABSTRACT
A demonstration research on Chinese herbal decoction pieces of Curcumae Rhizoma was performed based on the concept of quality markers (Q-markers), standard establishment, and research modes. The chemical constituents of both steamed processed pieces of Curcumae Rhizoma and vinegar-processed pieces of Curcumae Rhizoma decoction pieces were identified by ultra- performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q/TOF-MS). The major effective components were analyzed through pharmacodynamics, drug property, pharmacokinetics studies, and correlation analysis of chemical constituents. The Q-markers were determined by all the results. At last, five compounds including curdione, curcumol, germacrone, furanodiene and β-elemene were selected as Q-markers. The quality control methods of multi-component assaying and fingerprint were also established. Overall, this study provides a demonstration for the study of quality markers of Chinese herbal decoction pieces.
ABSTRACT
Based on the basic theory of thermodynamics, the thermodynamic parameters and related equations in the process of water adsorption and desorption of Chinese herbal decoction pieces were established, and their water absorption and desorption characteristics were analyzed. The physical significance of the thermodynamic parameters, such as differential adsorption enthalpy, differential adsorption entropy, integral adsorption enthalpy, integral adsorption entropy and the free energy of adsorption, were discussed in this paper to provide theoretical basis for the research on the water adsorption and desorption mechanism, optimum drying process parameters, storage conditions and packaging methods of Chinese herbal decoction pieces.